The Effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment for Nuclear Power Plant

Environmental assessment has been an important consideration for the nuclear industry since the creation of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The environment, in the broadest sense, encompasses man and his world, comprising both animate and inanimate components. The physical environment includes surface geography, geology, soils, climate, surface water, and groundwater. The biological environment comprises all living organisms, including plants and animals. In examining the environment through various trophic levels, impacts on human health are ultimately considered. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a process in which environmental factors are integrated into project planning and decision making. An environmental impact assessment is comprised of an examination of the local environment around a proposed project, an examination of the proposed project, and a prediction of the potential impacts of the project on the physical, biological and socioeconomic environment, with the objective to judge the acceptability of the project and control those impacts to acceptable levels, while maintaining the viability of the project. This paper examines the effectiveness of environmental impact assessment process for nuclear facilities that includes EIA itself, human induced events, defence in depth, Corporate Social Responsibility and acceptance by the public in the development plan of nuclear power plants in Indonesia. The study of the effectiveness environmental impact assessment using flow chart and the environmental priority system in some indicators are expected to minimize the negative impacts that may occur.